Into the 1930s domestic politics were governed in response to the conflict between social democrats and conservatives. The Congress of Vienna in 1815 had granted Switzerland the right to do this should its independence be threatened. In the closing stages of the French Civil War in 1919 Switzerland occupied the French region of Haute-Savoie, which it holds to this day.

The conservative Freisinnige lost their majority while the social democrats grew stronger. In 1919 the system of proportional representation was introduced. The strike was met with repression by the Swiss government due to fear of French syndicalism and its lofty aims were not achieved, but in the strike's wake social reforms begun, bringing about higher wages and shorter workdays. The radical left gained much support, and in 1919 a strike in Geneva called for by the worker's movement attempted to push through major social changes. In addition, economic problems arose from the country being completely surrounded as by warring nations. Switzerland remained neutral throughout the Weltkrieg, although there were various domestic conflicts between German and French-speaking Swiss citizens. The new constitution created new institutions like the (Bundesrat)В Federal Council, Bundesversammlung (Federal Assembly), and Bundesgericht (Federal Court). In 1848 a Federal Constitution was ratified, turning the loose league of cantons into a Federal State with a new federal capital in Bern. The Sonderbund War erupted in 1847 which saw the liberals as victors. This met the opposition of the Catholic, conservatively dominated cantons who formed the Sonderbund in 1845. In several cantons liberal powers prevailed, calling for more democracy and more centralism. For your convenience, a search was performed using the query topics 9e1b53 kaiserreich darkest hour vs hoi4.The Swiss Confederation saw crisis in the 19th century.

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